Environmentální politika v modelu překrývajících se generací: role lidského kapitálu a přenosu technologií

This paper describes the author’s use of an overlapping generation model toward an evaluation of the environmental tax reform. The aim was to model the explicit role of human capital accumulation during the life cycle and during technology diffusion in response to a revenue-neutral environmental tax reform. An OLG model allows for heterogeneity across households due to accumulated real assets and human capital. Technology diffusion is modeled in the putty-clay framework. It is shown that the long-term effects of such policy may overcome the short-term costs. Unlike other models, which use the representative-agent framework, the presented model is able to evaluate the impact on a more diverse group of households. The authors contend that in the long term green tax reform would boost the welfare of skilled workers, though the impact on unskilled workers could be adverse.